Batteries comprise a number of alloys that can be reused as secondary raw materials. There are well-established techniques for recycling most batteries containing nickel-cadmium, lead, mercury, and nickel hydride. For some, such as newer nickel hydride and lithium systems, recycling is still in its infancy.
In battery recycling plants, batteries must be chemically sorted. Some sorting must take place before the batteries arrive at the recycling facility. Nickel-cadmium, lithium-ion, nickel-metal hydride, and lead-acid are placed in special boxes at the point of collection. Worldwide Experts of battery recyclers claim that recycling is beneficial if a stream of chemically sorted batteries is offered free of charge.
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The process of recycling lead-acid batteries starts with removing flammable materials such as plastics and insulation. The best way for larger plant groups is to crush these batteries and separate them according to the water splitting concept. This is known as the shredder and hydraulic separation system. After this battery was destroyed, 4 distinctive segments were created such as Lead grating, lead paste, separator, PP. The lead network is melted into a giant to produce lead directly with further refinements.
The lead paste is a complex lead compound that is melted in a very hot melting furnace to produce lead. Lead can be recovered by separating the various materials that make up the battery (lead, plastic, acid, etc.) before processing. Alternatively, batteries can generally be heat treated in a particular type of furnace with the metal recovering at the end of the process.